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As soon as the asphalt road Bar-Garmaky reaches the hill – the way to
Kolosiyivka – in front of you appears the vale. There the stream ran and the
guelder-rose grew, that is why this place has such a name. Not only
nightingales sang wonderful songs there but Karmalyuk’s groups took cover at
the beginning of 20 century. But now Kalynivka draws the scientists” attention
by the other reason. They have discovered the Gothic type of Chernyakhiv
culture the end of the second – the beginning of the third century and have
started its exploration there, at the terrace between the road and the pond
industry at 0,5-0,9 meters depth.
Chernyakhiv culture is one of the spectacular historical and cultural
phenomena of the Ukrainian archeology. It was discovered and explored by
Vykentiy Khvaiko in the Middle Podnystrovya (the village of Chernyakhiv in
Kyjiv region) at the beginning of this century and by Lviv professor Karol
Gadachek in the upper Podnystrovya (the settlement Neslukhiv and others).
There are still scientific contradictions in the interpretations of
Chernyakhiv culture, though the idea of the polyethnic nature of this culture
is the most influential. The present-day archeologists consider the population
of Chernyakhiv culture to be a part of the political and military federation of
Scythian and Sarmat, Thrakian, Gothic and Slovanic tribes earlier.
The first archeological dig to study the places, rich in Chernyakhiv
things, was carried out by M.O. Tykhonova in Podillya in 50s.
One abode was investigated in the settlement Gayove in July 1998 and 3
abodes - in the settlement Garmaky in July-August 1999. 2 bronze clasps, a
brass plate, similar to clasps, 3 iron knives, an iron comb and lots of ceramic
plates and dishes were found in the excavated abodes.
They managed to restore partially 3 plates of ceramics that had been
imported without any doubt from the Northern Prychornomorya. The utensils had
thin walls; their color was mostly light gray, the amphoras were light yellow.
The gray and black fragments of the moulded things had thicker walls with
quartz sand and fire clay additives.
A little bit later they managed to find the bronze ring, 16 millimeters
in inner diameter and 6 millimeters thick. They will be able to speak about the
time it was made and the way it was used only after examination in the
Institute of archeology. The fragment of the amphora mouth, 25 millimeters in
diameter, other ceramic utensils and jawbones of several different animals were
found nearby.
The bronze ring, the ceramic scraper and the fragment of one more
ceramic tool, found nearby, suggested the idea that beside the above-mentioned
settlement of Chernyakhiv culture (1,8 thousand years ago) there had been more
old ones - the settlements of Trypillya culture (about 5000 years ago) and
Komariv culture (about 3,5 thousand years ago)…
The research of the archeological finds of 1999 is still carried out.
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